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Forest birds and their song - wood warbler

21.05.2011 - 11:09 |  Looduskalender
Audios and descriptions: Veljo Runnel, www.loodusheli.ee
Observations table and logic: Vello Keppart
Photos: Arne Ader
Translation: Liis

 
Wood warbler Mets-lehelind      
 
The wood warbler has a very characteristic song, an accelerating twitter like a ping-pong ball dropped on to a table. The song ends with a constant twitter. Into the song it sometimes slips plaintive whistling calls, also in the audio illustration below. Listening to this audio clip in stereo one can imagine the bird descending in arches from one branch to another. The wood warbler starts singing at once on its arrival, at the end of April or beginning of May and the singing season lasts until early or mid-July. In the morning it starts singing up to 45 minutes before sunrise, in the evenings stops about as long before sunset. The wood warbler most often inhabits shadowy mixed forests with spruces.
 

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Most common forest birds, based on spot monitoring survey in Kaarepere forest,  1984-1992
In how many locations must you listen for 5 minutes to hear the species?
How many times is the bird heard during 5 mins.?
LK presentation order (non-migrant* + migrant birds)
Chaffinch - Metsvint
1
2,2
Great tit*
Willow warbler - Salu-lehelind
2
0,8
Goldcrest*
Wood warbler - Mets-lehelind
2
0,8
Great spotted woodpecker*
Chiff-chaff - Väike-lehelind
2
0,8
Treecreeper*
Tree pipit - Metskiur
2
0,7
Jay*
Robin - Punarind
2
0,6
Blackbird
Song thrush - Laulurästas
2
0,5
Chaffinch
Blackcap - Mustpea-põõsalind
2
0,5
Wren
Pied flycatcher - Must-kärbsenäpp
3
0,4
Song thrush
Wren - Käblik
3
0,4
Robin
Cuckoo - Kägu
3
0,4
Chaffinch
Garden warbler - Aed-põõsalind
              4
             0,3
Redwing thrush
Great tit - Rasvatihane
4
0,3
Tree pipit
Blackbird - Musträstas
4
0,3
Chiff-chaff
Goldcrest - Pöialpoiss
4
0,3
Willow warbler
Redwing - Vainurästas
4
0,3
Pied flycatcher
Collared dove - Kaelustuvi
4
0,3
Cuckoo
Siskin - Siisike
5
0,2
Wood warbler
Willow tit - Põhjatihane
5
0,2
Blackcap
Dunnock - Võsaraat
5
0,2
Garden warbler
Greater spotted woodpecker - Suur-kirjurähn
5
0,2
  
Treecreeper - Porr
Observed each year
    
Bullfinch - Leevike
Observed each year
Spot monitoring 20 obs. spots
  
Jay - Pasknäär
Observed each year
á 5 minutes
  
 
 
Cuckoo Kägu
      
 
The calling of the cuckoo is heard in Estonia from the first days of May until early July. An agitated male cuckoo mixes a rough "ko-ko-ko-kok" with its usual "kuku“ . Female cuckoos have a bubbling call. The habitats of cuckoos is in all kinds of tree stands but they avoid central parts of large forests.
 

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Pied flycatcher
 Must - kärbsenäpp      
 
The pied flycatcher arrives in Estonia at the end of April or beginning of May. Singing is most intense in May and fades away around the middle of June. The song is simple, a rhythmic chopping up and down. In the morning it begins singing 40-50 minutes before sunrise and ends in the evening some twenty minuts after sunset. The flycatcher lives in a variety of tree stands that have trees with hollows or nest boxes.
 

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Willow warbler
 Salu - lehelind      
 
The willow warbler arrives at the end of April or in the beginning of May and sings until early July. It is one of our most numerous songbirds that can be heard in all kinds of tree stands, copses, wooded meadows and parks. The round nest is on the ground in the grass layer, in moss or sheltered by a bush. The willow warbler hides among the leaves and doesn’t catch the eye, but its song is clear and resounding "a whistling strophe of soft melodious minor key notes, descending at  the end and remotely reminding of the song of the chaffinch but much gentler". In the morning it starts singing 45-70 minutes before sunrise and in the evening stops about half an hour after sunset.
 

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Chiff-chaff
 Väike-lehelind      

The first chiff-chaffs arrive already in the middle of April. They nest in forests, wooded meadows and parks. The female builds the round nest on the ground in the grass or in low branches, some 0,3-0,9 m from the ground. The song is simple, monotonously dripping (“the milker“), “tsilp-tsalp-tsilp-tsalp ...“ or  “tsint-tsent-tsent-tsint-tsänt ...“. In the morning the chiff-chaff starts singing about half an hour before sunrise, sometimes even after that, in the evenings the song ceases before sunset.
 

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Read about and listen to  birds introduced previously here: 

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